Genetics is the science of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms. The word "genetics" was primarily suggested to describe the study of inheritance and the science of variation by the prominent British scientist William Bateson in a personal letter to Adam Sedgwick, dated April 18, 1905. Bateson first used the term "genetics" publicly at the Third International Conference on Genetics in 1906.
Heredity and variations form the base of genetics. Humans applied knowledge of genetics in prehistory with the domestication and selective breeding breeding of plants and animals. In modern research, genetics provides vital tools for the investigation of the function of a particular gene, e.g., analysis of genetic interactions. Within organisms, genetic information normally is carried in chromosomes, where it is represented in the of particular molecules.Genes encode the information necessary for synthesizing the amino-acid sequences in proteins, which in turn play a large role in shaping the final phenotype, or physical appearance, of the organism. In diploid organisms, a dominant allele on one chromosome will mask the expression of a recessive gene on the other.
Heredity and variations form the base of genetics. Humans applied knowledge of genetics in prehistory with the domestication and selective breeding breeding of plants and animals. In modern research, genetics provides vital tools for the investigation of the function of a particular gene, e.g., analysis of genetic interactions. Within organisms, genetic information normally is carried in chromosomes, where it is represented in the of particular molecules.Genes encode the information necessary for synthesizing the amino-acid sequences in proteins, which in turn play a large role in shaping the final phenotype, or physical appearance, of the organism. In diploid organisms, a dominant allele on one chromosome will mask the expression of a recessive gene on the other.
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